ARTIST: John Verelst
PUBLISHER: Sold at ye Rainbow and Dove ye Corner of Ivey Bridge in ye Strand.
MEDIUM: Mezzotint engravings,
DATE: c.1710.
EDITION SIZE: Average image size 15 5/8 x 10 1/8" (39.8 x 25.7 cm).
DESCRIPTION: <b> First state issues of the Four Native American “Kings”</b><BR><BR> <p>I. Verelst pinx (Drawn by Jan Verelst, 1648-1734). I Simon fecit. (Sold at ye Rainbow and Dove ye Corner of Ivey Bridge in ye Strand.</p> <p>In John Garratt’s “The Four Indian Kings” he describes three states: 1st State, “Sold at ye Rainbow and Dove ye Corner of Ivey Bridge in ye Strand” publication line. 2nd State, publication line is changed to: “Printed & Sold by John King at ye Globe in ye Poultery, London.” 3rd State the plates are slightly trimmed, text is changed and the publication line reads “Printed for Jno. Bowles & Son, at the Black Horse in Cornhill London.” </p> <p>Upon careful examination of the engravings we have come to the conclusion that there are only two states, a 1st and 2nd. What Garrett describes as third state is a completely new mezzotint engraving on new plates. The mezzotints should be described as a new edition rather than a new state. The engraver, John Simon (c.1675–1751), is noted as being the engraver of the first two and the third editions.</p> <b><u>Full titles from top left to bottom right: <BR><BR></b></u> <b>Ho Nee Yeath Taw No Row King of the Generethgarich.</b> I. Verelst pinx. I. Simon Fecit. Sold at ye Rainbow and Dove ye Corner of Ivey Bridge in ye Strand. <BR><BR> <b>Tee Yee Neen Ho Ga Row, Emperour of the Six Nations. I. Verelst.</b> (Remainder of publication line missing). <BR><BR> <b>Sa Ga Yeath Qua Pieth Tow, King of the Maquas.</b> I. Verelst pinx. I. Simon Fecit. Sold at ye Rainbow and Dove ye Corner of Ivey Bridge in ye Strand. <BR><BR> <b>Etow Oh Koam, King of the River Nation.</b> I. Verelst pinx. I. Simon Fecit. Sold at ye Rainbow and Dove ye Corner of Ivey Bridge in ye Strand.<BR><BR> <p>In 1710 four Native American Indians Chiefs visited London on a diplomatic mission arranged by Pieter Schuyler (1657-1724). He was the first mayor of Albany, New York, the occasional Governor of New York, and the head of the Albany Commissioners for Indian Affairs with the purpose of obtaining military support against the French. Upon arrival in London they became the "Talk of the Town". The Chiefs were received by Queen Ann on April 10, 1710, who then commissioned Verelst to have their portraits painted. These portraits were quickly engraved for wider distribution including a set for each of the Chiefs.</p> <p>The original paintings of the Four Kings hung in Kensington Palace until 1977 when Queen Elizabeth II donated them to the National Archives of Canada.</p> <p>Today, these engraved portraits are very rarely seen in the market and are considered to be one of the greater pieces of historical importance for the early American Colonies.</p>
ADDITIONAL INFO:
CONDITION: <br><p><b><u>Condition:</b></u> Overall all are good to very good. The pieces are fine impressions of these early works of art. All have had some minor repair work on the top and side margins, mostly done to even them out. All of them have some wormholes. The work done was to museum quality standards by an expert conservator.</p> <p><b>Ho Nee Yeath Taw No Row King of the Generethgarich - </b> Has the most damage. Top and side margins reinstated. Tiny area of image loss in upper left. Some worm holes within image.<br> <b>Tee Yee Neen Ho Ga Row, Emperour of the Six Nations - </b> Some work in the margins. Soft engraving within title area and some loss of publisher text. <br> <b>Sa Ga Yeath Qua Pieth Tow, King of the Maquas - </b> Some work in the margins.<br> <b>Etow Oh Koam, King of the River Nation - </b> Some work in the margins.</p>
REFERENCE: Garratt, J. "The Four Indian Kings" E2. (E2a,b,c,d Illustrations)
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